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•Reservoirs, weirs, sabo dams, and embankments are utilized to ensure water resources and flood protection in Taiwan. However, the disruption of the river corridor and sediment delivery caused by those river engineering works usually induce the consequent degradation of the downstream estuary and coastal zone, which are the main concern of an impaired land conservation function. Moreover, sea-level rise can threaten the coastal communities and valuable ecosystems such as mangrove forests. •Mangrove forests have the capacity to keep pace with sea-level rise and to avoid inundation through vertical accretion of sediments, which allows them to maintain wetland soil elevations suitable for plant growth. The massive root system of mangroves has proved to be conducive to the coastal protection by dissipating wave energy and thus stabilize its environment. |
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•The hydrological condition is one of the most critical driving forces on the aquatic ecosystems of mountain wetlands. The Menghuan Lake in Yangmingshan National Park is the only natural habitat of endemic plant species Isoetes taiwanensis in the world. •The population of Isoetes taiwanensis was found to be hightly sensitive to water level fluctuation. Historical records revealed the fewer rainfall in spring and summer resulting in lower water levels, indicating the occurrence of environmental stress for Isoetes taiwanensis growth and competition. •At present, the water budget model has been developed and concluded the importance of estimating the amount of atmospheric, surface water and groundwater. |
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•Nowadays, rehabilitation of wetlands gets renewed attention, especially in the hydraulic design of constructed wetlands, owing to the declaration of Wetland Conservation Act since 2013 in Taiwan. •FWSs are widely used as low-cost alternatives to conventional tertiary municipal wastewater treatment worldwide. They play important roles in the reduction of nitrogen concentration, removal of particulates through sedimentation and removal of organic contaminants through biodegradation. •WSs are also beneficial for promoting biodiversity by providing habitats for plants and animals that have an affinity for aquatic environments. The treatment efficiency of these systems is strongly related to the flow pattern and hydraulic residence time. |
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•River flooding is one of the major hazards in Taiwan due to the dense population living along the riverside. The Taipei metropolitan area is the largest city with more than one-third of the total population of Taiwan. In this area, numerous severe flooding disasters caused by typhoon events have occurred and resulted in heavy losses. The Taipei Flood Prevention System are effective in mitigating flood disasters, although the function of flood prevention might be changed over time by urban development and multiple demands of the usage of floodplains. •This project aims to examine anthropogenic effects on the major region of the Taipei Flood Prevention System using numerical model simulations by incorporating field surveys. |